50 MCQ Quiz on Arithmetic and Percentage

📘 Introduction to Arithmetic and Percentage

Arithmetic is one of the foundational branches of mathematics that deals with numbers and the basic operations—addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. It forms the core of quantitative aptitude sections in almost every competitive exam, including SSC, Banking, Railways, UPSC (CSAT), and State PSCs.

A key component of arithmetic is Percentage, which expresses a number as a fraction of 100. It is widely used in real-life scenarios such as profit and loss, interest calculations, discounts, marks, population growth, and statistical data interpretation.

✳️ Key Concepts Covered:

Basic Operations (Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, Division)

Percentage Calculation

Increase & Decrease Percent

Successive Percentage Change

Profit, Loss, and Discount

Simple Interest and Compound Interest

Ratio and Proportion

Average, Time & Work, Time & Distance

🎯 Importance in Competitive Exams:

Nearly 25–40% of quantitative questions in exams are based on arithmetic and percentage.

These topics test your ability to solve real-world numerical problems quickly and accurately.

Mastering arithmetic builds a strong base for advanced topics like data interpretation and algebra.

🧠 Tip for Learners:

Focus on concept clarity and practice with short tricks and formulas. Solving MCQs regularly improves speed, accuracy, and confidence in exams.

—
Here are 50 MCQ Quizzes for you.

✅ Arithmetic and Percentage MCQ Quiz (1–50)

—

1. What is 10% of 250?
A) 20
B) 25
C) 30
D) 35
✅ Answer: B) 25
📘 10% of 250 = (10/100) × 250 = 25

—

2. 15% of 600 is:
A) 60
B) 90
C) 100
D) 80
✅ Answer: B) 90
📘 15% × 600 = 90

—

3. A number is increased by 20% and then decreased by 20%. The net change is:
A) No change
B) 4% decrease
C) 4% increase
D) 2% increase
✅ Answer: B) 4% decrease
📘 Net effect = (a – b – ab/100) = -4%

—

4. If 35% of a number is 84, the number is:
A) 220
B) 240
C) 250
D) 280
✅ Answer: D) 240
📘 Let number = x → (35/100)x = 84 → x = 240

—

5. 0.5% of 600 = ?
A) 3
B) 2
C) 5
D) 6
✅ Answer: A) 3
📘 (0.5/100) × 600 = 3

—

6. If the price of a product is increased by 25%, what is the percentage increase in cost?
A) 15%
B) 20%
C) 25%
D) 30%
✅ Answer: C) 25%

—

7. A student scored 360 marks out of 600. What is his percentage?
A) 50%
B) 55%
C) 60%
D) 65%
✅ Answer: C) 60%
📘 (360/600) × 100 = 60%

—

8. 20 is what percent of 80?
A) 15%
B) 20%
C) 25%
D) 30%
✅ Answer: C) 25%
📘 (20/80)×100 = 25%

—

9. A number is 125% of 80. The number is:
A) 90
B) 100
C) 105
D) 100
✅ Answer: D) 100
📘 125% of 80 = (125/100)×80 = 100

—

10. 12.5% is equal to:
A) 1/6
B) 1/7
C) 1/8
D) 1/9
✅ Answer: C) 1/8

—

11. If a man spends 60% of his income, he saves:
A) 30%
B) 40%
C) 50%
D) 60%
✅ Answer: B) 40%

—

12. What percent of ₹400 is ₹80?
A) 10%
B) 15%
C) 20%
D) 25%
✅ Answer: D) 20%
📘 (80/400)×100 = 20%

—

13. A number increased by 15% becomes 460. The original number is:
A) 400
B) 410
C) 420
D) 430
✅ Answer: A) 400
📘 x + 15%x = 460 → x = 460/1.15 = 400

—

14. The population increased from 20,000 to 25,000. The increase percentage is:
A) 20%
B) 25%
C) 30%
D) 35%
✅ Answer: B) 25%

—

15. 60% of 5 = ?
A) 3
B) 2
C) 4
D) 5
✅ Answer: A) 3

—

16. What is 2.5% of 200?
A) 2
B) 4
C) 5
D) 6
✅ Answer: C) 5

—

17. ₹600 is divided between A and B in the ratio 2:3. What is A’s share?
A) ₹240
B) ₹360
C) ₹300
D) ₹250
✅ Answer: A) ₹240

—

18. A trader makes 25% profit on a product sold at ₹500. Find the cost price.
A) ₹375
B) ₹400
C) ₹425
D) ₹450
✅ Answer: B) ₹400
📘 CP = SP / 1.25 = 500 / 1.25 = 400

—

19. A man bought an article for ₹800 and sold it for ₹920. Profit percentage = ?
A) 10%
B) 12%
C) 15%
D) 20%
✅ Answer: A) 15%
📘 Profit = 120, % = (120/800)×100 = 15%

—

20. If the selling price is ₹240 and profit is 20%, then cost price is:
A) ₹200
B) ₹220
C) ₹230
D) ₹250
✅ Answer: A) ₹200
📘 CP = SP / 1.2 = 240 / 1.2 = ₹200

—

Here is the continuation of the Arithmetic and Percentage MCQ Quiz – Questions 21 to 50, in plain text format with answers and explanations:

—

✅ Arithmetic and Percentage MCQ Quiz (21–50)

—

21. What is 33⅓% of 150?
A) 45
B) 40
C) 50
D) 55
✅ Answer: C) 50
📘 33⅓% = 1/3 → (1/3) × 150 = 50

—

22. A man spends 80% of his income. If his income is ₹15,000, what is his saving?
A) ₹3,000
B) ₹2,500
C) ₹2,000
D) ₹1,500
✅ Answer: A) ₹3,000
📘 Saving = 20% of ₹15,000 = ₹3,000

—

23. If 40% of a number is 200, then the number is:
A) 450
B) 500
C) 600
D) 700
✅ Answer: C) 500
📘 x × (40/100) = 200 → x = 200 × (100/40) = 500

—

24. If the cost price is ₹480 and profit is 25%, find the selling price.
A) ₹600
B) ₹590
C) ₹560
D) ₹500
✅ Answer: D) ₹600
📘 SP = CP × (1 + 25/100) = 480 × 1.25 = 600

—

25. A man gains 20% by selling an article for ₹240. What is the cost price?
A) ₹180
B) ₹190
C) ₹200
D) ₹220
✅ Answer: C) ₹200
📘 CP = SP / 1.2 = 240 / 1.2 = ₹200

—

26. What percentage of 1 hour is 30 minutes?
A) 25%
B) 50%
C) 33%
D) 66%
✅ Answer: B) 50%

—

27. The difference between 20% of a number and 10% of the same number is 60. What is the number?
A) 300
B) 400
C) 500
D) 600
✅ Answer: D) 600
📘 (20% – 10%) = 10% → 10% = 60 → Number = 600

—

28. A shopkeeper marks a product 25% above the cost and gives 20% discount. His gain or loss %?
A) 0%
B) 2%
C) 5%
D) 10%
✅ Answer: C) 0%
📘 Net% = 25 – 20 – (25×20)/100 = 5 – 5 = 0%

—

29. If a number is increased by 10% and then by 20%, the net increase is:
A) 30%
B) 32%
C) 28%
D) 25%
✅ Answer: B) 32%
📘 Net% = 10 + 20 + (10×20)/100 = 32%

—

30. If SP = ₹720 and loss is 10%, then CP = ?
A) ₹750
B) ₹770
C) ₹800
D) ₹810
✅ Answer: C) ₹800
📘 CP = SP / (1 – 0.10) = 720 / 0.9 = ₹800

—

31. 40% of what number is 120?
A) 200
B) 250
C) 300
D) 400
✅ Answer: C) 300
📘 0.4 × x = 120 → x = 300

—

32. A man gives 25% of his salary as rent. If his rent is ₹3,000, then his salary is:
A) ₹10,000
B) ₹12,000
C) ₹13,000
D) ₹15,000
✅ Answer: A) ₹12,000
📘 25% of x = 3,000 → x = 3,000 × 4 = ₹12,000

—

33. 5% of 2,000 = ?
A) 100
B) 150
C) 200
D) 250
✅ Answer: A) 100

—

34. If the selling price of an article is ₹540 after 10% discount, what is the marked price?
A) ₹600
B) ₹580
C) ₹620
D) ₹660
✅ Answer: A) ₹600
📘 MP = 540 / 0.9 = ₹600

—

35. What is the percentage increase from 80 to 100?
A) 10%
B) 15%
C) 20%
D) 25%
✅ Answer: C) 25%

—

36. What is the percentage decrease from 500 to 400?
A) 10%
B) 15%
C) 20%
D) 25%
✅ Answer: C) 20%

—

37. 7 is what percent of 28?
A) 20%
B) 25%
C) 30%
D) 35%
✅ Answer: B) 25%
📘 (7/28)×100 = 25%

—

38. If A’s salary is 20% more than B’s, then B’s salary is what percent less than A’s?
A) 15%
B) 16.66%
C) 18%
D) 20%
✅ Answer: B) 16.66%
📘 Reverse % formula: (20/120) × 100 = 16.66%

—

39. If a number is 150% more than another number 80, the number is:
A) 180
B) 200
C) 220
D) 240
✅ Answer: D) 200
📘 150% of 80 = 120 → Total = 80 + 120 = 200

—

40. 125% of 64 = ?
A) 70
B) 72
C) 75
D) 80
✅ Answer: B) 80
📘 (125/100) × 64 = 80

—

41. If SP is ₹600 and profit is 20%, CP = ?
A) ₹450
B) ₹480
C) ₹500
D) ₹520
✅ Answer: C) ₹500

—

42. 20% of 500 – 10% of 400 = ?
A) 20
B) 30
C) 40
D) 50
✅ Answer: B) 30
📘 100 – 40 = 60

—

43. A student secured 60 marks out of 80 in English. His percentage is:
A) 70%
B) 75%
C) 80%
D) 85%
✅ Answer: C) 75%

—

44. What is the increase percentage from ₹500 to ₹650?
A) 30%
B) 25%
C) 35%
D) 40%
✅ Answer: B) 30%
📘 (150/500)×100 = 30%

—

45. What is 2.5% of 1,200?
A) ₹30
B) ₹40
C) ₹50
D) ₹60
✅ Answer: C) ₹30

—

46. If CP = ₹500, SP = ₹450, then loss % is:
A) 5%
B) 8%
C) 10%
D) 12%
✅ Answer: C) 10%

—

47. What % of 1000 is 150?
A) 10%
B) 15%
C) 20%
D) 25%
✅ Answer: B) 15%

—

48. What is 1% of 1 crore?
A) ₹1 lakh
B) ₹10,000
C) ₹10 lakh
D) ₹1 crore
✅ Answer: C) ₹1 lakh

—

49. Increase ₹800 by 25%. Result = ?
A) ₹1000
B) ₹900
C) ₹950
D) ₹850
✅ Answer: A) ₹1000

—

50. Decrease ₹1000 by 40%. New value = ?
A) ₹600
B) ₹700
C) ₹800
D) ₹900
✅ Answer: A) ₹600
📘 ₹1000 – 40% = ₹600

—

✅ Quiz Complete: 50 Questions on Arithmetic and Percentage
Let me know if you’d like this quiz in HTML format, PDF, or with a score calculator.

Here is the continuation of the Arithmetic and Percentage MCQ Quiz – Questions 21 to 50, in plain text format with answers and explanations:

—

✅ Arithmetic and Percentage MCQ Quiz (21–50)

—

21. What is 33⅓% of 150?
A) 45
B) 40
C) 50
D) 55
✅ Answer: C) 50
📘 33⅓% = 1/3 → (1/3) × 150 = 50

—

22. A man spends 80% of his income. If his income is ₹15,000, what is his saving?
A) ₹3,000
B) ₹2,500
C) ₹2,000
D) ₹1,500
✅ Answer: A) ₹3,000
📘 Saving = 20% of ₹15,000 = ₹3,000

—

23. If 40% of a number is 200, then the number is:
A) 450
B) 500
C) 600
D) 700
✅ Answer: C) 500
📘 x × (40/100) = 200 → x = 200 × (100/40) = 500

—

24. If the cost price is ₹480 and profit is 25%, find the selling price.
A) ₹600
B) ₹590
C) ₹560
D) ₹500
✅ Answer: D) ₹600
📘 SP = CP × (1 + 25/100) = 480 × 1.25 = 600

—

25. A man gains 20% by selling an article for ₹240. What is the cost price?
A) ₹180
B) ₹190
C) ₹200
D) ₹220
✅ Answer: C) ₹200
📘 CP = SP / 1.2 = 240 / 1.2 = ₹200

—

26. What percentage of 1 hour is 30 minutes?
A) 25%
B) 50%
C) 33%
D) 66%
✅ Answer: B) 50%

—

27. The difference between 20% of a number and 10% of the same number is 60. What is the number?
A) 300
B) 400
C) 500
D) 600
✅ Answer: D) 600
📘 (20% – 10%) = 10% → 10% = 60 → Number = 600

—

28. A shopkeeper marks a product 25% above the cost and gives 20% discount. His gain or loss %?
A) 0%
B) 2%
C) 5%
D) 10%
✅ Answer: C) 0%
📘 Net% = 25 – 20 – (25×20)/100 = 5 – 5 = 0%

—

29. If a number is increased by 10% and then by 20%, the net increase is:
A) 30%
B) 32%
C) 28%
D) 25%
✅ Answer: B) 32%
📘 Net% = 10 + 20 + (10×20)/100 = 32%

—

30. If SP = ₹720 and loss is 10%, then CP = ?
A) ₹750
B) ₹770
C) ₹800
D) ₹810
✅ Answer: C) ₹800
📘 CP = SP / (1 – 0.10) = 720 / 0.9 = ₹800

—

31. 40% of what number is 120?
A) 200
B) 250
C) 300
D) 400
✅ Answer: C) 300
📘 0.4 × x = 120 → x = 300

—

32. A man gives 25% of his salary as rent. If his rent is ₹3,000, then his salary is:
A) ₹10,000
B) ₹12,000
C) ₹13,000
D) ₹15,000
✅ Answer: A) ₹12,000
📘 25% of x = 3,000 → x = 3,000 × 4 = ₹12,000

—

33. 5% of 2,000 = ?
A) 100
B) 150
C) 200
D) 250
✅ Answer: A) 100

—

34. If the selling price of an article is ₹540 after 10% discount, what is the marked price?
A) ₹600
B) ₹580
C) ₹620
D) ₹660
✅ Answer: A) ₹600
📘 MP = 540 / 0.9 = ₹600

—

35. What is the percentage increase from 80 to 100?
A) 10%
B) 15%
C) 20%
D) 25%
✅ Answer: C) 25%

—

36. What is the percentage decrease from 500 to 400?
A) 10%
B) 15%
C) 20%
D) 25%
✅ Answer: C) 20%

—

37. 7 is what percent of 28?
A) 20%
B) 25%
C) 30%
D) 35%
✅ Answer: B) 25%
📘 (7/28)×100 = 25%

—

38. If A’s salary is 20% more than B’s, then B’s salary is what percent less than A’s?
A) 15%
B) 16.66%
C) 18%
D) 20%
✅ Answer: B) 16.66%
📘 Reverse % formula: (20/120) × 100 = 16.66%

—

39. If a number is 150% more than another number 80, the number is:
A) 180
B) 200
C) 220
D) 240
✅ Answer: D) 200
📘 150% of 80 = 120 → Total = 80 + 120 = 200

—

40. 125% of 64 = ?
A) 70
B) 72
C) 75
D) 80
✅ Answer: B) 80
📘 (125/100) × 64 = 80

—

41. If SP is ₹600 and profit is 20%, CP = ?
A) ₹450
B) ₹480
C) ₹500
D) ₹520
✅ Answer: C) ₹500

—

42. 20% of 500 – 10% of 400 = ?
A) 20
B) 30
C) 40
D) 50
✅ Answer: B) 30
📘 100 – 40 = 60

—

43. A student secured 60 marks out of 80 in English. His percentage is:
A) 70%
B) 75%
C) 80%
D) 85%
✅ Answer: C) 75%

—

44. What is the increase percentage from ₹500 to ₹650?
A) 30%
B) 25%
C) 35%
D) 40%
✅ Answer: B) 30%
📘 (150/500)×100 = 30%

—

45. What is 2.5% of 1,200?
A) ₹30
B) ₹40
C) ₹50
D) ₹60
✅ Answer: C) ₹30

—

46. If CP = ₹500, SP = ₹450, then loss % is:
A) 5%
B) 8%
C) 10%
D) 12%
✅ Answer: C) 10%

—

47. What % of 1000 is 150?
A) 10%
B) 15%
C) 20%
D) 25%
✅ Answer: B) 15%

—

48. What is 1% of 1 crore?
A) ₹1 lakh
B) ₹10,000
C) ₹10 lakh
D) ₹1 crore
✅ Answer: C) ₹1 lakh

—

49. Increase ₹800 by 25%. Result = ?
A) ₹1000
B) ₹900
C) ₹950
D) ₹850
✅ Answer: A) ₹1000

—

50. Decrease ₹1000 by 40%. New value = ?
A) ₹600
B) ₹700
C) ₹800
D) ₹900
✅ Answer: A) ₹600
📘 ₹1000 – 40% = ₹600

—