📘 Class X English Grammar: Preposition (पूर्वसर्ग)

📌 Definition

A Preposition is a word placed before a noun or pronoun to show its relation to another word in the sentence.
Example: The book is on the table.

हिंदी में: पूर्वसर्ग वह शब्द होता है जो संज्ञा या सर्वनाम के पहले आता है और उसका संबंध वाक्य के अन्य शब्दों से दर्शाता है।
उदाहरण: किताब मेज पर है।

📂 Types of Prepositions (पूर्वसर्ग के प्रकार)

Type	Explanation	Hindi	Examples
Preposition of Place	Shows position	स्थान	on, in, under, behind
Preposition of Time	Shows time	समय	at, on, in, since
Preposition of Direction	Shows movement	दिशा	to, into, onto, towards
Preposition of Cause/Purpose	Shows reason	कारण/उद्देश्य	because of, due to, for
Preposition of Manner	Shows the way something happens	रीति	by, with, like

⚠️ Common Errors in Prepositions

• ❌ He is married with her. ✅ He is married to her.
• ❌ She is good in English. ✅ She is good at English.
• ❌ I am waiting since two hours. ✅ I am waiting for two hours.
• ❌ He jumped in the well. ✅ He jumped into the well.
• ❌ She is afraid from dogs. ✅ She is afraid of dogs.

🧠 MCQ Quiz on Prepositions

1. “The cat is under the table.” — What type of preposition is “under”?
   a) Time
   b) Direction
   c) Place
   d) Cause
   ✅ Answer: c) Place
   “Under” shows location.
2. Which of these shows time?
   a) at
   b) with
   c) behind
   d) from
   ✅ Answer: a) at
   Used for specific time (e.g., at 5 PM).
3. “She walked into the room.” — What does “into” show?
   a) Position
   b) Direction
   c) Manner
   d) Time
   ✅ Answer: b) Direction
   “Into” shows movement from outside to inside.
4. Choose the correct sentence:
   a) He is angry on me.
   b) He is angry at me.
   c) He is angry with me.
   d) He is angry by me.
   ✅ Answer: c) He is angry with me.
   Correct preposition with “angry” is “with.”
5. “We met after lunch.” — The preposition “after” shows:
   a) Place
   b) Direction
   c) Time
   d) Comparison
   ✅ Answer: c) Time
   “After” indicates timing of the meeting.
6. Which of the following is a preposition of manner?
   a) to
   b) with
   c) on
   d) into
   ✅ Answer: b) with
   “With” shows how something is done.
7. “They walked _____ the park.” Choose the best preposition:
   a) through
   b) on
   c) by
   d) of
   ✅ Answer: a) through
   “Through” shows movement across the park.
8. Find the correct sentence:
   a) She jumped in the pool.
   b) She jumped into the pool.
   c) She jumped to the pool.
   d) She jumped by the pool.
   ✅ Answer: b) She jumped into the pool.
   “Into” shows entry into the pool.
9. “This gift is for you.” — “For” shows:
   a) Direction
   b) Cause
   c) Purpose
   d) Time
   ✅ Answer: c) Purpose
   “For” tells the purpose of the gift.
10. Choose the correct preposition: “She is fond ___ music.”
    a) at
    b) from
    c) with
    d) of
    ✅ Answer: d) of
    “Fond of” is the correct collocation.