📘 Class X English Grammar: Parts of Speech (वाक्य के अवयव)

📌 Definition

Parts of Speech are categories of words based on their function in a sentence. There are 8 main parts of speech in English.

हिंदी में: Parts of Speech (वाक्य के अवयव) शब्दों के वे भेद हैं जो वाक्य में उनके कार्य के आधार पर निर्धारित होते हैं। अंग्रेजी में कुल 8 प्रकार होते हैं।

📚 The 8 Parts of Speech with Explanation

#	Part of Speech	Function	Examples	हिंदी
1	Noun	Name of a person, place, thing, or idea	boy, Delhi, book	संज्ञा
2	Pronoun	Replaces a noun	he, she, it, they	सर्वनाम
3	Verb	Shows action or state	run, is, read	क्रिया
4	Adjective	Describes a noun/pronoun	happy, blue, tall	विशेषण
5	Adverb	Describes a verb, adjective, or another adverb	quickly, very, now	क्रिया विशेषण
6	Preposition	Shows relation of noun/pronoun with rest of sentence	in, on, at, under	पूर्वसर्ग
7	Conjunction	Joins words, phrases, or clauses	and, but, because	संयोजक
8	Interjection	Expresses sudden feeling	Wow!, Alas!, Oh!	विस्मयादिबोधक

🧠 MCQ Quiz on Parts of Speech

1. Which part of speech is the word “quickly”?
   a) Adjective
   b) Verb
   c) Adverb
   d) Noun
   ✅ Answer: c) Adverb
   “Quickly” describes how an action is done.
2. “He is a doctor.” — What part of speech is “he”?
   a) Pronoun
   b) Verb
   c) Noun
   d) Adjective
   ✅ Answer: a) Pronoun
   “He” replaces a noun.
3. Choose the correct preposition:
   a) Wow
   b) Under
   c) Happy
   d) Dance
   ✅ Answer: b) Under
   “Under” shows location/position.
4. “And” is used to:
   a) express emotion
   b) join words
   c) show time
   d) replace nouns
   ✅ Answer: b) join words
   “And” is a coordinating conjunction.
5. “Wow! That’s amazing.” — “Wow” is:
   a) Preposition
   b) Conjunction
   c) Adjective
   d) Interjection
   ✅ Answer: d) Interjection
   Expresses surprise or emotion.
6. “The blue sky” — What is “blue”?
   a) Verb
   b) Noun
   c) Adjective
   d) Adverb
   ✅ Answer: c) Adjective
   Describes the noun “sky.”
7. What part of speech is “book”?
   a) Verb
   b) Pronoun
   c) Noun
   d) Adverb
   ✅ Answer: c) Noun
   “Book” is a thing, hence a noun.
8. Select the verb:
   a) loudly
   b) eat
   c) table
   d) above
   ✅ Answer: b) eat
   “Eat” is an action word (verb).
9. “She dances gracefully.” — “Gracefully” is:
   a) Noun
   b) Adjective
   c) Adverb
   d) Verb
   ✅ Answer: c) Adverb
   It tells how she dances.
10. Identify the interjection:
    a) beside
    b) bravo
    c) run
    d) whom
    ✅ Answer: b) bravo
    “Bravo!” expresses praise — an interjection.