12 Tenses: Structure, Uses, and Examples (with Hindi Translation)


—

1. Present Simple Tense

Structure

Affirmative: Subject + V1 + s/es

Negative: Subject + do/does not + V1

Question: Do/Does + subject + V1?


Uses

• Daily habits
• General truths
• Permanent situations

Examples

1. I play cricket.
Hindi: मैं क्रिकेट खेलता हूँ।


2. She reads a book.
Hindi: वह किताब पढ़ती है।


3. We go to school every day.
Hindi: हम रोज़ स्कूल जाते हैं।


4. The sun rises in the east.
Hindi: सूरज पूर्व से उगता है।


5. Birds fly in the sky.
Hindi: पक्षी आकाश में उड़ते हैं।




—

2. Present Continuous Tense

Structure

Subject + am/is/are + V-ing

Uses

• Action happening now
• Temporary actions

Examples

6. I am reading a book.
Hindi: मैं किताब पढ़ रहा हूँ।


7. She is cooking food.
Hindi: वह खाना बना रही है।


8. They are playing football.
Hindi: वे फुटबॉल खेल रहे हैं।


9. We are studying English.
Hindi: हम अंग्रेज़ी पढ़ रहे हैं।


10. The baby is crying.
Hindi: बच्चा रो रहा है।




—

3. Present Perfect Tense

Structure

Subject + has/have + V3

Uses

• Completed action with present result
• Recent actions

Examples

11. I have finished my work.
Hindi: मैंने अपना काम पूरा कर लिया है।


12. She has written a letter.
Hindi: उसने एक पत्र लिखा है।


13. They have gone home.
Hindi: वे घर जा चुके हैं।


14. We have seen that movie.
Hindi: हमने वह फिल्म देखी है।


15. He has cleaned the room.
Hindi: उसने कमरा साफ किया है।




—

4. Present Perfect Continuous

Structure

Subject + has/have been + V-ing

Uses

• Action started in past and still continuing

Examples

16. I have been studying for two hours.
Hindi: मैं दो घंटे से पढ़ रहा हूँ।


17. She has been working all day.
Hindi: वह पूरे दिन काम कर रही है।


18. They have been playing since morning.
Hindi: वे सुबह से खेल रहे हैं।


19. We have been waiting for you.
Hindi: हम तुम्हारा इंतज़ार कर रहे हैं।


20. He has been reading a novel.
Hindi: वह एक उपन्यास पढ़ रहा है।




—

5. Past Simple Tense

Structure

Subject + V2

Uses

• Completed action in the past

Examples

21. I went to school.
Hindi: मैं स्कूल गया।


22. She cooked dinner.
Hindi: उसने खाना बनाया।


23. They played cricket.
Hindi: उन्होंने क्रिकेट खेला।


24. We watched a movie.
Hindi: हमने फिल्म देखी।


25. He bought a car.
Hindi: उसने एक कार खरीदी।




—

6. Past Continuous Tense

Structure

Subject + was/were + V-ing

Uses

• Action happening at a specific time in past

Examples

26. I was reading a book.
Hindi: मैं किताब पढ़ रहा था।


27. She was singing a song.
Hindi: वह गाना गा रही थी।


28. They were playing football.
Hindi: वे फुटबॉल खेल रहे थे।


29. We were studying English.
Hindi: हम अंग्रेज़ी पढ़ रहे थे।


30. He was driving a car.
Hindi: वह कार चला रहा था।




—

7. Past Perfect Tense

Structure

Subject + had + V3

Uses

• Action completed before another past action

Examples

31. I had finished my work.
Hindi: मैंने अपना काम पूरा कर लिया था।


32. She had left the house.
Hindi: वह घर छोड़ चुकी थी।


33. They had completed the project.
Hindi: उन्होंने प्रोजेक्ट पूरा कर लिया था।


34. We had eaten dinner.
Hindi: हमने खाना खा लिया था।


35. He had written a letter.
Hindi: उसने पत्र लिख लिया था।




—

8. Past Perfect Continuous

Structure

Subject + had been + V-ing

Uses

• Action continuing before a point in the past

Examples

36. I had been studying for two hours.
Hindi: मैं दो घंटे से पढ़ रहा था।


37. She had been working all day.
Hindi: वह पूरे दिन काम कर रही थी।


38. They had been playing since morning.
Hindi: वे सुबह से खेल रहे थे।


39. We had been waiting for him.
Hindi: हम उसका इंतज़ार कर रहे थे।


40. He had been reading a book.
Hindi: वह किताब पढ़ रहा था।




—

9. Future Simple

Structure

Subject + will + V1

Uses

• Future decisions
• Predictions

Examples

41. I will go to school tomorrow.
Hindi: मैं कल स्कूल जाऊँगा।


42. She will help you.
Hindi: वह तुम्हारी मदद करेगी।


43. They will play cricket.
Hindi: वे क्रिकेट खेलेंगे।


44. We will start the work.
Hindi: हम काम शुरू करेंगे।


45. He will buy a car.
Hindi: वह कार खरीदेगा।




—

10. Future Continuous

Structure

Subject + will be + V-ing

Uses

• Action that will be happening in future

Examples

46. I will be studying tomorrow.
Hindi: मैं कल पढ़ रहा होऊँगा।


47. She will be cooking dinner.
Hindi: वह खाना बना रही होगी।


48. They will be playing football.
Hindi: वे फुटबॉल खेल रहे होंगे।


49. We will be travelling.
Hindi: हम यात्रा कर रहे होंगे।


50. He will be working.
Hindi: वह काम कर रहा होगा।




—

11. Future Perfect

Structure

Subject + will have + V3

Uses

• Action completed before a future time

Examples

51. I will have finished my work.
Hindi: मैं अपना काम पूरा कर चुका होऊँगा।


52. She will have written the letter.
Hindi: वह पत्र लिख चुकी होगी।


53. They will have completed the project.
Hindi: वे प्रोजेक्ट पूरा कर चुके होंगे।


54. We will have reached home.
Hindi: हम घर पहुँच चुके होंगे।


55. He will have cleaned the room.
Hindi: वह कमरा साफ कर चुका होगा।




—

12. Future Perfect Continuous

Structure

Subject + will have been + V-ing

Uses

• Duration of action in future

Examples

56. I will have been studying for two hours.
Hindi: मैं दो घंटे से पढ़ रहा होऊँगा।


57. She will have been working all day.
Hindi: वह पूरे दिन काम कर रही होगी।


58. They will have been playing since morning.
Hindi: वे सुबह से खेल रहे होंगे।


59. We will have been waiting for you.
Hindi: हम तुम्हारा इंतज़ार कर रहे होंगे।


60. He will have been reading a book.
Hindi: वह किताब पढ़ रहा होगा।




—

Practice: Choose the Correct Tense

Fill in the blanks.

61. She ___ (read) a book now.
Answer: is reading


62. I ___ (go) to school yesterday.
Answer: went


63. They ___ (play) cricket every day.
Answer: play


64. We ___ (finish) our work already.
Answer: have finished


65. He ___ (study) tomorrow.
Answer: will study




—